diff --git a/ext/opcache/jit/zend_jit_vm_helpers.c b/ext/opcache/jit/zend_jit_vm_helpers.c
index 8b85324ef897..bb3f396acff1 100644
--- a/ext/opcache/jit/zend_jit_vm_helpers.c
+++ b/ext/opcache/jit/zend_jit_vm_helpers.c
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 #include "Zend/zend_API.h"
 
 #include <ZendAccelerator.h>
+#include "zend_shared_alloc.h"
 #include "Optimizer/zend_func_info.h"
 #include "Optimizer/zend_call_graph.h"
 #include "zend_jit.h"
@@ -543,10 +544,13 @@ static int zend_jit_trace_record_fake_init_call_ex(zend_execute_data *call, zend
 				func = (zend_function*)jit_extension->op_array;
 			}
 		}
-		if (is_megamorphic == ZEND_JIT_EXIT_POLYMORPHISM
-		 /* TODO: use more accurate check ??? */
-		 && ((ZEND_CALL_INFO(call) & ZEND_CALL_DYNAMIC)
-		  || func->common.scope)) {
+		if ((is_megamorphic == ZEND_JIT_EXIT_POLYMORPHISM
+		  /* TODO: use more accurate check ??? */
+		  && ((ZEND_CALL_INFO(call) & ZEND_CALL_DYNAMIC)
+		   || func->common.scope))
+		 || (func->type == ZEND_USER_FUNCTION
+		  && !zend_accel_in_shm(func->op_array.opcodes))) {
+			/* See zend_jit_trace_execute() about not persistent functions */
 			func = NULL;
 			ZEND_ADD_CALL_FLAG(call, ZEND_CALL_MEGAMORPHIC);
 		}
@@ -1175,6 +1179,14 @@ zend_jit_trace_stop ZEND_FASTCALL zend_jit_trace_execute(zend_execute_data  *ex,
 						 || is_megamorphic == ZEND_JIT_EXIT_CLOSURE_CALL)
 						&& trace_buffer[1].opline == opline - 1) {
 					func = NULL;
+				} else if (func->type == ZEND_USER_FUNCTION
+						&& !zend_accel_in_shm(func->op_array.opcodes)) {
+					/* The function is not persistent (e.g. its script is not cached because SHM
+					 * is full or the file is blacklisted). In a later request another function may
+					 * get the same op_array.opcodes address, so the guard that compares it
+					 * can't tell the functions apart, and the trace would use the frame size
+					 * and the arguments info of a wrong function. Don't specialize the call. */
+					func = NULL;
 				}
 				if (!func) {
 					ZEND_ADD_CALL_FLAG(EX(call), ZEND_CALL_MEGAMORPHIC);
diff --git a/ext/opcache/tests/jit/trace_not_persistent_callee.phpt b/ext/opcache/tests/jit/trace_not_persistent_callee.phpt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..321327f4f5ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/opcache/tests/jit/trace_not_persistent_callee.phpt
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+--TEST--
+Tracing JIT must not specialize calls to functions that are not persistent
+--DESCRIPTION--
+X::run() comes from a blacklisted (never cached) file, so its op_array and opcodes are allocated
+per request. Both versions of the file have the same allocation pattern, so after the first
+request run() gets the same opcodes address in every request. A trace of work() recorded with
+version A must not be used for version B (more CVs, bigger call frame).
+--EXTENSIONS--
+opcache
+--SKIPIF--
+<?php
+if (ini_get('opcache.jit') === false) die('skip PHP is compiled without JIT');
+if (getenv('USE_ZEND_ALLOC') === '0') die('skip Zend MM disabled');
+?>
+--INI--
+opcache.enable=1
+opcache.enable_cli=1
+opcache.jit=disable
+opcache.jit_buffer_size=16M
+--CONFLICTS--
+server
+--FILE--
+<?php
+$dir = __DIR__ . '/trace_not_persistent_callee';
+@mkdir($dir);
+
+$names = [];
+for ($k = 0; $k < 26; $k++) {
+    $names[] = "'v$k'";
+}
+/* names() is never called: it makes the CV names of x.php permanent interned strings, so both
+ * versions of x.php allocate the same request memory */
+file_put_contents($dir . '/work.php', '<?php
+function work(object $o, int $n): int {
+    $s = 0;
+    for ($i = 0; $i < $n; $i++) {
+        $s += $o->run($i);
+    }
+    return $s;
+}
+function names(): array {
+    return compact(' . implode(', ', $names) . ');
+}
+');
+
+/* Same number of opcodes; version A uses 17 CVs, version B 26 CVs */
+function x_version(int $cvs): string {
+    $code = "<?php\nclass X {\n    public function run(int \$i): int {\n";
+    $sum = [];
+    for ($k = 0; $k < 26; $k++) {
+        $code .= "        \$v" . ($k % $cvs) . " = \$i + $k;\n";
+        $sum[] = "\$v" . ($k % $cvs);
+    }
+    return $code . "        return " . implode(' + ', $sum) . " + intdiv(\$i, 3);\n    }\n}\n";
+}
+file_put_contents($dir . '/a.php', x_version(17));
+file_put_contents($dir . '/b.php', x_version(26));
+file_put_contents($dir . '/index.php', '<?php
+require __DIR__ . "/work.php";
+require __DIR__ . "/x.php";
+echo work(new X(), (int) $_GET["n"]), "\n";
+');
+file_put_contents($dir . '/blacklist.txt', $dir . "/x.php\n");
+
+include __DIR__ . '/../php_cli_server.inc';
+
+$ini = '-d opcache.enable=1 -d opcache.enable_cli=1 -d opcache.jit=tracing -d opcache.jit_buffer_size=16M'
+    . ' -d opcache.file_update_protection=0 -d opcache.blacklist_filename=' . $dir . '/blacklist.txt';
+if (file_exists(ini_get('extension_dir') . '/opcache.' . PHP_SHLIB_SUFFIX)) {
+    $ini .= ' -d zend_extension=opcache.' . PHP_SHLIB_SUFFIX;
+}
+php_cli_server_start($ini);
+
+$url = 'http://' . PHP_CLI_SERVER_ADDRESS . '/jit/trace_not_persistent_callee/index.php?n=';
+foreach ([['a', 1], ['a', 1000], ['b', 1000], ['a', 1000], ['b', 1000]] as [$version, $n]) {
+    copy("$dir/$version.php", "$dir/x.php");
+    echo $version, ' ', @file_get_contents($url . $n) ?: "no response\n";
+}
+?>
+--CLEAN--
+<?php
+$dir = __DIR__ . '/trace_not_persistent_callee';
+foreach (['work.php', 'a.php', 'b.php', 'x.php', 'index.php', 'blacklist.txt'] as $file) {
+    @unlink("$dir/$file");
+}
+@rmdir($dir);
+?>
+--EXPECT--
+a 478
+a 13631167
+b 13478167
+a 13631167
+b 13478167