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Use DEA cost assumptions for CO2 liquefaction (closes #247) #289

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bdc1b62
Use DEA cost assumptions for CO2 liquefaction
Oct 17, 2026
7af84a8
Add the PR number to the release note
Oct 18, 2026
357d53a
Keep the untouched rows of manual_input.csv byte-for-byte as on master
Oct 18, 2026
fcbd101
Fix the CO2 liquefaction conversion and add a small-scale DEA entry
Oct 22, 2026
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2 changes: 2 additions & 0 deletions docs/release_notes.rst
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Expand Up @@ -19,6 +19,8 @@ Upcoming Release

* Add cost assumptions for water network infrastructure: water pipeline HDPE and water pipeline booster pump (https://github.com/PyPSA/technology-data/pull/277)

* Fix the unit conversion of the ``CO2 liquefaction`` investment cost (the construction cost had been divided by the annual throughput instead of the hourly capacity) and add ``CO2 liquefaction small scale`` from the Danish Energy Agency's Technology Data for Carbon Capture, Transport and Storage (https://github.com/PyPSA/technology-data/pull/289).

`v0.15.0 <https://github.com/PyPSA/technology-data/releases/tag/v0.15.0>`__ (9th June 2026)
================================================================================================

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12 changes: 11 additions & 1 deletion inputs/manual_input.csv
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Expand Up @@ -200,12 +200,22 @@ CO2 dense phase compression,FOM,2024,5,%/year,2024,"Table 4-11 AIT Study https:/
CO2 dense phase compression,lifetime,2024,25,years,2024,"Guesstimate, based on CH4 liquefaction.",
CO2 dense phase compression,carbondioxide-input,0,1,t_CO2/t_CO2,-,,
CO2 dense phase compression,electricity-input,0,0.1051,MWh_el/t_CO2,-,"Table 4-10 AIT Study https://www.ait.ac.at/fileadmin/user_upload/CO2Netz_Bericht_241007.pdf",
CO2 liquefaction,investment,2004,12.8928283642224,EUR/t_CO2/h,2004,Mitsubish Heavy Industries Ltd. and IEA (2004): https://ieaghg.org/docs/General_Docs/Reports/PH4-30%20Ship%20Transport.pdf .,"Plant capacity of 20 kt CO2 / d and an uptime of 85%. For a high purity, humid, low pressure input stream, includes drying and compression necessary for liquefaction."
CO2 liquefaction,investment,2004,77177,EUR/t_CO2/h,2004,Mitsubish Heavy Industries Ltd. and IEA (2004): https://ieaghg.org/docs/General_Docs/Reports/PH4-30%20Ship%20Transport.pdf .,"Construction cost of 80,000,000 US$ (2004) for a plant with a design rate of 20,000 tonne CO2/day, i.e. 833 t/h (p. 11): 96,000 US$ per (t/h) of capacity, converted at the ECB 2004 average rate of 1.2439 US$/EUR to 77,177 EUR. The previous value (12.89) divided the construction cost by the annual throughput (20,000 t/d x 365 d x 85 % running rate) instead of the hourly design capacity. For a high purity, humid, low pressure input stream, includes drying and compression necessary for liquefaction."
CO2 liquefaction,FOM,2004,5,%/year,2004,Mitsubish Heavy Industries Ltd. and IEA (2004): https://ieaghg.org/docs/General_Docs/Reports/PH4-30%20Ship%20Transport.pdf .,
CO2 liquefaction,lifetime,2004,25,years,2004,"Guesstimate, based on CH4 liquefaction.",
CO2 liquefaction,carbondioxide-input,0,1,t_CO2/t_CO2,-,Mitsubish Heavy Industries Ltd. and IEA (2004): https://ieaghg.org/docs/General_Docs/Reports/PH4-30%20Ship%20Transport.pdf .,"Assuming a pure, humid, low-pressure input stream. Neglecting possible gross-effects of CO2 which might be cycled for the cooling process."
CO2 liquefaction,heat-input,0,0.0067,MWh_th/t_CO2,-,Mitsubish Heavy Industries Ltd. and IEA (2004): https://ieaghg.org/docs/General_Docs/Reports/PH4-30%20Ship%20Transport.pdf .,For drying purposes.
CO2 liquefaction,electricity-input,0,0.123,MWh_el/t_CO2,-,Mitsubish Heavy Industries Ltd. and IEA (2004): https://ieaghg.org/docs/General_Docs/Reports/PH4-30%20Ship%20Transport.pdf .,
CO2 liquefaction small scale,investment,2020,1330000,EUR/t_CO2/h,2020,"Danish Energy Agency (2024): Technology Data for Carbon Capture, Transport and Storage, datasheet 411 'Liquefaction biogas' (sheet first published 11 Feb 2023, datasheets updated Feb 2024), https://ens.dk/media/5729/download","Compression and liquefaction plant of 2 tCO2/h for a biogas plant retrofit, 'Investment Compression & Liquefaction - 2 t CO2/h', constant 2020-2050 (lower/upper estimate 1.06/1.6 mill EUR/(tCO2/h)). Includes the compression train, pre-coolers, drier, refrigeration and installation; gas cleaning (e.g. active carbon filter, scrubbers) is not included (note G). 2 t/h is the minimum cost-effective plant size (note A)."
CO2 liquefaction small scale,FOM,2020,4,%/year,2020,"Danish Energy Agency (2024): Technology Data for Carbon Capture, Transport and Storage, datasheet 411 'Liquefaction biogas' (sheet first published 11 Feb 2023, datasheets updated Feb 2024), https://ens.dk/media/5729/download","Note H: 'Fixed O&M is taken as 4% of CAPEX' (the datasheet lists 0.05 mill EUR/(tCO2/h)/year, i.e. 3.8% after rounding)."
CO2 liquefaction small scale,lifetime,2020,20,years,2020,"Danish Energy Agency (2024): Technology Data for Carbon Capture, Transport and Storage, datasheet 411 'Liquefaction biogas' (sheet first published 11 Feb 2023, datasheets updated Feb 2024), https://ens.dk/media/5729/download",Technical lifetime.
CO2 liquefaction small scale,carbondioxide-input,0,1,t_CO2/t_CO2,-,"Assumed lossless, as for CO2 liquefaction.",
CO2 liquefaction small scale,heat-input,0,0,MWh_th/t_CO2,-,"Danish Energy Agency (2024): Technology Data for Carbon Capture, Transport and Storage, datasheet 411 'Liquefaction biogas' (sheet first published 11 Feb 2023, datasheets updated Feb 2024), https://ens.dk/media/5729/download","No heat input in the DEA datasheet: drying is electric (2 kWh/tCO2, included in electricity-input). Replaces the 0.0067 MWh_th/t_CO2 for drying from the 2004 MHI/IEA report."
CO2 liquefaction small scale,electricity-input,2020,0.137,MWh_el/t_CO2,-,"Danish Energy Agency (2024): Technology Data for Carbon Capture, Transport and Storage, datasheet 411 'Liquefaction biogas' (sheet first published 11 Feb 2023, datasheets updated Feb 2024), https://ens.dk/media/5729/download","Sum of compression (70 kWh/tCO2), drying (2 kWh/tCO2) and liquefaction (65 kWh/tCO2) electricity in 2020. Note B: supplier data including pumping of the liquid CO2 into storage tanks and onto trucks is 200-225 kWh/tCO2."
CO2 liquefaction small scale,electricity-input,2025,0.133,MWh_el/t_CO2,-,"Danish Energy Agency (2024): Technology Data for Carbon Capture, Transport and Storage, datasheet 411 'Liquefaction biogas' (sheet first published 11 Feb 2023, datasheets updated Feb 2024), https://ens.dk/media/5729/download","Sum of compression (68 kWh/tCO2), drying (2 kWh/tCO2) and liquefaction (63 kWh/tCO2) electricity in 2025. Note B: supplier data including pumping of the liquid CO2 into storage tanks and onto trucks is 200-225 kWh/tCO2."
CO2 liquefaction small scale,electricity-input,2030,0.129,MWh_el/t_CO2,-,"Danish Energy Agency (2024): Technology Data for Carbon Capture, Transport and Storage, datasheet 411 'Liquefaction biogas' (sheet first published 11 Feb 2023, datasheets updated Feb 2024), https://ens.dk/media/5729/download","Sum of compression (66 kWh/tCO2), drying (2 kWh/tCO2) and liquefaction (61 kWh/tCO2) electricity in 2030. Note B: supplier data including pumping of the liquid CO2 into storage tanks and onto trucks is 200-225 kWh/tCO2."
CO2 liquefaction small scale,electricity-input,2040,0.125,MWh_el/t_CO2,-,"Danish Energy Agency (2024): Technology Data for Carbon Capture, Transport and Storage, datasheet 411 'Liquefaction biogas' (sheet first published 11 Feb 2023, datasheets updated Feb 2024), https://ens.dk/media/5729/download","Sum of compression (64 kWh/tCO2), drying (2 kWh/tCO2) and liquefaction (59 kWh/tCO2) electricity in 2040. Note B: supplier data including pumping of the liquid CO2 into storage tanks and onto trucks is 200-225 kWh/tCO2."
CO2 liquefaction small scale,electricity-input,2050,0.122,MWh_el/t_CO2,-,"Danish Energy Agency (2024): Technology Data for Carbon Capture, Transport and Storage, datasheet 411 'Liquefaction biogas' (sheet first published 11 Feb 2023, datasheets updated Feb 2024), https://ens.dk/media/5729/download","Sum of compression (62 kWh/tCO2), drying (2 kWh/tCO2) and liquefaction (58 kWh/tCO2) electricity in 2050. Note B: supplier data including pumping of the liquid CO2 into storage tanks and onto trucks is 200-225 kWh/tCO2."
General liquid hydrocarbon storage (product),investment,2012,160,EUR/m^3,2012,"Stelter and Nishida 2013: https://webstore.iea.org/insights-series-2013-focus-on-energy-security , pg. 8F .",Assumed at the higher end for addon facilities/mid-range for stand-alone facilities. Product storage usually smaller due to higher requirements on safety and different construction method. Reference size used here: 40 000 - 60 000 m^3 .
General liquid hydrocarbon storage (product),FOM,2012,6.25,%/year,2012,"Stelter and Nishida 2013: https://webstore.iea.org/insights-series-2013-focus-on-energy-security , figure 7 and pg. 12 .",Assuming ca. 10 EUR/m^3/a (center value between stand alone and addon facility).
General liquid hydrocarbon storage (product),lifetime,2012,30,years,2012,"Stelter and Nishida 2013: https://webstore.iea.org/insights-series-2013-focus-on-energy-security , pg. 11.",
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8 changes: 7 additions & 1 deletion outputs/US/costs_2020.csv
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Expand Up @@ -143,8 +143,14 @@ CO2 liquefaction,FOM,5.0,%/year,Mitsubish Heavy Industries Ltd. and IEA (2004):
CO2 liquefaction,carbondioxide-input,1.0,t_CO2/t_CO2,Mitsubish Heavy Industries Ltd. and IEA (2004): https://ieaghg.org/docs/General_Docs/Reports/PH4-30%20Ship%20Transport.pdf .,"Assuming a pure, humid, low-pressure input stream. Neglecting possible gross-effects of CO2 which might be cycled for the cooling process.",,,
CO2 liquefaction,electricity-input,0.123,MWh_el/t_CO2,Mitsubish Heavy Industries Ltd. and IEA (2004): https://ieaghg.org/docs/General_Docs/Reports/PH4-30%20Ship%20Transport.pdf .,,,,
CO2 liquefaction,heat-input,0.0067,MWh_th/t_CO2,Mitsubish Heavy Industries Ltd. and IEA (2004): https://ieaghg.org/docs/General_Docs/Reports/PH4-30%20Ship%20Transport.pdf .,For drying purposes.,,,
CO2 liquefaction,investment,21.2764,EUR/t_CO2/h,Mitsubish Heavy Industries Ltd. and IEA (2004): https://ieaghg.org/docs/General_Docs/Reports/PH4-30%20Ship%20Transport.pdf .,"Plant capacity of 20 kt CO2 / d and an uptime of 85%. For a high purity, humid, low pressure input stream, includes drying and compression necessary for liquefaction.",2025.0,,
CO2 liquefaction,investment,127361.3832,EUR/t_CO2/h,Mitsubish Heavy Industries Ltd. and IEA (2004): https://ieaghg.org/docs/General_Docs/Reports/PH4-30%20Ship%20Transport.pdf .,"Construction cost of 80,000,000 US$ (2004) for a plant with a design rate of 20,000 tonne CO2/day, i.e. 833 t/h (p. 11): 96,000 US$ per (t/h) of capacity, converted at the ECB 2004 average rate of 1.2439 US$/EUR to 77,177 EUR. The previous value (12.89) divided the construction cost by the annual throughput (20,000 t/d x 365 d x 85 % running rate) instead of the hourly design capacity. For a high purity, humid, low pressure input stream, includes drying and compression necessary for liquefaction.",2025.0,,
CO2 liquefaction,lifetime,25.0,years,"Guesstimate, based on CH4 liquefaction.",,2004.0,,
CO2 liquefaction small scale,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency (2024): Technology Data for Carbon Capture, Transport and Storage, datasheet 411 'Liquefaction biogas' (sheet first published 11 Feb 2023, datasheets updated Feb 2024), https://ens.dk/media/5729/download","Note H: 'Fixed O&M is taken as 4% of CAPEX' (the datasheet lists 0.05 mill EUR/(tCO2/h)/year, i.e. 3.8% after rounding).",2020.0,,
CO2 liquefaction small scale,carbondioxide-input,1.0,t_CO2/t_CO2,"Assumed lossless, as for CO2 liquefaction.",,,,
CO2 liquefaction small scale,electricity-input,0.137,MWh_el/t_CO2,"Danish Energy Agency (2024): Technology Data for Carbon Capture, Transport and Storage, datasheet 411 'Liquefaction biogas' (sheet first published 11 Feb 2023, datasheets updated Feb 2024), https://ens.dk/media/5729/download","Sum of compression (70 kWh/tCO2), drying (2 kWh/tCO2) and liquefaction (65 kWh/tCO2) electricity in 2020. Note B: supplier data including pumping of the liquid CO2 into storage tanks and onto trucks is 200-225 kWh/tCO2.; and Sum of compression (68 kWh/tCO2), drying (2 kWh/tCO2) and liquefaction (63 kWh/tCO2) electricity in 2025. Note B: supplier data including pumping of the liquid CO2 into storage tanks and onto trucks is 200-225 kWh/tCO2.; and Sum of compression (66 kWh/tCO2), drying (2 kWh/tCO2) and liquefaction (61 kWh/tCO2) electricity in 2030. Note B: supplier data including pumping of the liquid CO2 into storage tanks and onto trucks is 200-225 kWh/tCO2.; and Sum of compression (64 kWh/tCO2), drying (2 kWh/tCO2) and liquefaction (59 kWh/tCO2) electricity in 2040. Note B: supplier data including pumping of the liquid CO2 into storage tanks and onto trucks is 200-225 kWh/tCO2.; and Sum of compression (62 kWh/tCO2), drying (2 kWh/tCO2) and liquefaction (58 kWh/tCO2) electricity in 2050. Note B: supplier data including pumping of the liquid CO2 into storage tanks and onto trucks is 200-225 kWh/tCO2.",,,
CO2 liquefaction small scale,heat-input,0.0,MWh_th/t_CO2,"Danish Energy Agency (2024): Technology Data for Carbon Capture, Transport and Storage, datasheet 411 'Liquefaction biogas' (sheet first published 11 Feb 2023, datasheets updated Feb 2024), https://ens.dk/media/5729/download","No heat input in the DEA datasheet: drying is electric (2 kWh/tCO2, included in electricity-input). Replaces the 0.0067 MWh_th/t_CO2 for drying from the 2004 MHI/IEA report.",,,
CO2 liquefaction small scale,investment,1672255.0195,EUR/t_CO2/h,"Danish Energy Agency (2024): Technology Data for Carbon Capture, Transport and Storage, datasheet 411 'Liquefaction biogas' (sheet first published 11 Feb 2023, datasheets updated Feb 2024), https://ens.dk/media/5729/download","Compression and liquefaction plant of 2 tCO2/h for a biogas plant retrofit, 'Investment Compression & Liquefaction - 2 t CO2/h', constant 2020-2050 (lower/upper estimate 1.06/1.6 mill EUR/(tCO2/h)). Includes the compression train, pre-coolers, drier, refrigeration and installation; gas cleaning (e.g. active carbon filter, scrubbers) is not included (note G). 2 t/h is the minimum cost-effective plant size (note A).",2025.0,,
CO2 liquefaction small scale,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency (2024): Technology Data for Carbon Capture, Transport and Storage, datasheet 411 'Liquefaction biogas' (sheet first published 11 Feb 2023, datasheets updated Feb 2024), https://ens.dk/media/5729/download",Technical lifetime.,2020.0,,
CO2 pipeline,FOM,0.9,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Energy Transport (March 2021), Excel datasheet: 121 co2 pipeline.",,2015.0,,
CO2 pipeline,investment,2671.6062,EUR/(tCO2/h)/km,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Energy Transport (March 2021), Excel datasheet: 121 co2 pipeline.",Assuming the 120-500 t CO2/h range that is based on cost of a 12 inch onshore pipeline.,2025.0,,
CO2 pipeline,lifetime,50.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Energy Transport (March 2021), Excel datasheet: 121 co2 pipeline.",,2015.0,,
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