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BFGSUpdate_HInv::update formed (I - rho s y') H (I - rho y s') + rho s s' with two n x n matrix products. Expanded with u = H y it is the rank-two update H + (c s - rho u) s' - rho s u', c = rho^2 y'u + rho.
Jenkins Console Log Machine informationDistributor ID: Ubuntu Description: Ubuntu 20.04.3 LTS Release: 20.04 Codename: focal CPU: Architecture: x86_64 CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit Byte Order: Little Endian Address sizes: 52 bits physical, 57 bits virtual CPU(s): 192 On-line CPU(s) list: 0-191 Thread(s) per core: 2 Core(s) per socket: 48 Socket(s): 2 NUMA node(s): 2 Vendor ID: AuthenticAMD CPU family: 25 Model: 17 Model name: AMD EPYC 9474F 48-Core Processor Stepping: 1 Frequency boost: enabled CPU MHz: 1496.585 CPU max MHz: 4114.4229 CPU min MHz: 1500.0000 BogoMIPS: 7189.39 Virtualization: AMD-V L1d cache: 3 MiB L1i cache: 3 MiB L2 cache: 96 MiB L3 cache: 512 MiB NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-47,96-143 NUMA node1 CPU(s): 48-95,144-191 Vulnerability Gather data sampling: Not affected Vulnerability Indirect target selection: Not affected Vulnerability Itlb multihit: Not affected Vulnerability L1tf: Not affected Vulnerability Mds: Not affected Vulnerability Meltdown: Not affected Vulnerability Mmio stale data: Not affected Vulnerability Old microcode: Not affected Vulnerability Reg file data sampling: Not affected Vulnerability Retbleed: Not affected Vulnerability Spec rstack overflow: Mitigation; Safe RET Vulnerability Spec store bypass: Mitigation; Speculative Store Bypass disabled via prctl Vulnerability Spectre v1: Mitigation; usercopy/swapgs barriers and __user pointer sanitization Vulnerability Spectre v2: Mitigation; Enhanced / Automatic IBRS; IBPB conditional; STIBP always-on; PBRSB-eIBRS Not affected; BHI Not affected Vulnerability Srbds: Not affected Vulnerability Tsa: Mitigation; Clear CPU buffers Vulnerability Tsx async abort: Not affected Vulnerability Vmscape: Mitigation; IBPB before exit to userspace Flags: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx mmxext fxsr_opt pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc rep_good amd_lbr_v2 nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid extd_apicid aperfmperf rapl pni pclmulqdq monitor ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm cmp_legacy svm extapic cr8_legacy abm sse4a misalignsse 3dnowprefetch osvw ibs skinit wdt tce topoext perfctr_core perfctr_nb bpext perfctr_llc mwaitx cpb cat_l3 cdp_l3 hw_pstate ssbd mba perfmon_v2 ibrs ibpb stibp ibrs_enhanced vmmcall fsgsbase bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid cqm rdt_a avx512f avx512dq rdseed adx smap avx512ifma clflushopt clwb avx512cd sha_ni avx512bw avx512vl xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 xsaves cqm_llc cqm_occup_llc cqm_mbm_total cqm_mbm_local user_shstk avx512_bf16 clzero irperf xsaveerptr rdpru wbnoinvd amd_ppin cppc arat npt lbrv svm_lock nrip_save tsc_scale vmcb_clean flushbyasid decodeassists pausefilter pfthreshold avic v_vmsave_vmload vgif x2avic v_spec_ctrl vnmi avx512vbmi umip pku ospke avx512_vbmi2 gfni vaes vpclmulqdq avx512_vnni avx512_bitalg avx512_vpopcntdq la57 rdpid overflow_recov succor smca fsrm flush_l1d debug_swap G++: g++ (Ubuntu 9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04) 9.4.0 Copyright (C) 2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Clang: clang version 10.0.0-4ubuntu1 Target: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu Thread model: posix InstalledDir: /usr/bin |
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Looks good The update is a symmetric rank-2 update, Time per BFGS iteration (
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@avehtari Thanks! I also got the idea to only use triangle some time after creating the PR, but you were faster than me. Nicely done! |
Jenkins Console Log Machine informationDistributor ID: Ubuntu Description: Ubuntu 20.04.3 LTS Release: 20.04 Codename: focal CPU: Architecture: x86_64 CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit Byte Order: Little Endian Address sizes: 46 bits physical, 48 bits virtual CPU(s): 80 On-line CPU(s) list: 0-79 Thread(s) per core: 2 Core(s) per socket: 20 Socket(s): 2 NUMA node(s): 2 Vendor ID: GenuineIntel CPU family: 6 Model: 85 Model name: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 6248 CPU @ 2.50GHz Stepping: 7 CPU MHz: 1000.559 CPU max MHz: 3900.0000 CPU min MHz: 1000.0000 BogoMIPS: 5000.00 Virtualization: VT-x L1d cache: 1.3 MiB L1i cache: 1.3 MiB L2 cache: 40 MiB L3 cache: 55 MiB NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0,2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20,22,24,26,28,30,32,34,36,38,40,42,44,46,48,50,52,54,56,58,60,62,64,66,68,70,72,74,76,78 NUMA node1 CPU(s): 1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27,29,31,33,35,37,39,41,43,45,47,49,51,53,55,57,59,61,63,65,67,69,71,73,75,77,79 Vulnerability Gather data sampling: Mitigation; Microcode Vulnerability Indirect target selection: Mitigation; Aligned branch/return thunks Vulnerability Itlb multihit: KVM: Mitigation: Split huge pages Vulnerability L1tf: Not affected Vulnerability Mds: Not affected Vulnerability Meltdown: Not affected Vulnerability Mmio stale data: Mitigation; Clear CPU buffers; SMT vulnerable Vulnerability Old microcode: Not affected Vulnerability Reg file data sampling: Not affected Vulnerability Retbleed: Mitigation; Enhanced IBRS Vulnerability Spec rstack overflow: Not affected Vulnerability Spec store bypass: Mitigation; Speculative Store Bypass disabled via prctl Vulnerability Spectre v1: Mitigation; usercopy/swapgs barriers and __user pointer sanitization Vulnerability Spectre v2: Mitigation; Enhanced / Automatic IBRS; IBPB conditional; PBRSB-eIBRS SW sequence; BHI SW loop, KVM SW loop Vulnerability Srbds: Not affected Vulnerability Tsa: Not affected Vulnerability Tsx async abort: Mitigation; TSX disabled Vulnerability Vmscape: Mitigation; IBPB before exit to userspace Flags: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc art arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx smx est tm2 ssse3 sdbg fma cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid dca sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch cpuid_fault epb cat_l3 cdp_l3 intel_ppin ssbd mba ibrs ibpb stibp ibrs_enhanced tpr_shadow flexpriority ept vpid ept_ad fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid cqm mpx rdt_a avx512f avx512dq rdseed adx smap clflushopt clwb intel_pt avx512cd avx512bw avx512vl xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 xsaves cqm_llc cqm_occup_llc cqm_mbm_total cqm_mbm_local dtherm ida arat pln pts hwp hwp_act_window hwp_epp hwp_pkg_req vnmi pku ospke avx512_vnni md_clear flush_l1d arch_capabilities G++: g++ (Ubuntu 9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04) 9.4.0 Copyright (C) 2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Clang: clang version 10.0.0-4ubuntu1 Target: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu Thread model: posix InstalledDir: /usr/bin |
This is a big one. Not in terms of LOC, but in terms of consequences.
AI use disclosure: This was developed with the help of Claude Code (Opus 5.5).
Submission Checklist
./runTests.py src/test/unitmake cpplintSummary
BFGSUpdate_HInv::update(src/stan/optimization/bfgs_update.hpp, the inverse Hessian ofalgorithm=bfgs) computedwith two$n \times n$ by $n \times n$ matrix products. Expanding the product with $u = H y$ and $H = H^\top$ gives the same matrix as a rank-two update,
which costs one matrix-vector product and two outer-product updates,$O(n^2)$ instead of $O(n^3)$ . At a reset, $H = (s^\top y / y^\top y) I$ is set first and updated the same way, as before. The work vectors $u$ and $c s - \rho u$ are members, so the update allocates nothing.
Intended Effect
Less time per dense BFGS iteration, growing with the number of parameters: by construction. Measured in process against develop's
update(-O3 -DNDEBUG, 3 runs of 11 interleaved rounds, pairs from a quadratic), branch / develop time per update:The search directions agree with develop's to$10^{-15}$ relative.
How to Verify
The change keeps the values up to rounding, so no test fails on develop, and it adds none. Existing tests that reach the changed code pass unchanged:
bfgs_update_test.cpp,bfgs_minimizer_test.cpp,bfgs_test.cpp,bfgs_exponential_boundary_test.cppandservices/optimize/{bfgs,bfgs_jacobian}_test.cpp;ServicesOptimize.rosenbrockinservices/optimize/bfgs_test.cpppins the dense BFGS trajectory (number of iterates, final point).Side Effects
Measured with an in-process A/B harness against develop on 20 model configurations (GLMs, a hierarchical logistic regression, embedded-Laplace GLMMs and GPs; 900 dense BFGS runs per setting); I can share the harness. At CmdStan's defaults every run takes the same iterations and gradient evaluations as on develop, and the final log density agrees to$1.1 \cdot 10^{-9}$ relative. With
tol_rel_obj = tol_rel_grad = 1, where runs end at the precision limit, rounding changes where 325 runs stop: evaluations 1.01 times develop's (geometric mean; per configuration 0.80–1.24), 795 of the 900 runs end at the best log density, as on develop, and line-search failures go from 296 to 302 (118 runs switch between OK and a line-search failure). The update allocates nothing per call.Documentation
None.
Copyright and Licensing
Please list the copyright holder for the work you are submitting (this will be you or your assignee, such as a university or company):
Jáchym Barvínek jachymb@gmail.com
By submitting this pull request, the copyright holder is agreeing to license the submitted work under the following licenses: